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MAP Pharmaceuticals Phase 3 Trial Of Levadex™ Migraine Product Candidate Meets All Four Primary Endpoints
MAP Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Nasdaq: MAPP) announced that the efficacy portion of its first Phase 3 clinical trial evaluating its novel LEVADEX™ orally inhaled migraine therapy met all four primary endpoints. Additional endpoints showed that LEVADEX provided rapid and sustained pain relief for up to 48 hours after dosing.
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Lawmakers Seek Compromise On Health Overhaul Proposals
Democrats and Republicans are saying that they will need to compromise on a government-run public plan if they are to meet the deadline of having a bill on the Senate floor by the August recess, The Associated Press reports.
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Obama's Notre Dame Speech Strikes 'Forceful Blow' Against Culture Wars, Washington Post Opinion Piece Says
President Obama during his speech at Notre Dame, "fought back" antiabortion-rights protesters "not with harsh words but with the most devastating weapons in his political arsenal: a call for "open hearts," "open minds," "fair-minded words" and a search for "common ground,"" Washington Post columnist E.J. Dionne writes. Dionne continues that as "Obama"s opponents seek to reignite the culture wars," the president has "refused to join" and instead "opted for humility." Dionne writes that Obama "did all this without skirting the abortion question and without flinching from the "controversy surrounding my visit here."" In what might have been Obama"s "most radical and the most conservative speech of his presidency," he "[a]cknowledg[ed] the Roman Catholic Church"s role in supporting his early community organizing work," while drawing "on the res of Catholic social thought" that "combines opposition to abortion with a sharp critique of economic injustice and thus doesn"t squeeze into the round holes of contemporary ideology," according to Dionne.In his speech, Obama "tried to undo mistakes made early in his administration, making clearer, for example, that his revisions of an earlier Bush executive order on the rights of health professionals would continue to "honor the conscience of those who disagree with abortion,"" Dionne continues. In addition, Obama "paid more respect to opponents of stem cell research -- he spoke of their "admirable conviction about the sacredness of life" -- than he had in his original announcement altering Bush"s policies," Dionne writes. He adds that on the issue of abortion rights, "Obama endorsed a broad agenda: "Let"s reduce unintended pregnancies. Let"s make adoption more available. Let"s provide care and support for women who do carry their children to term.""However, it "was hard to square that message with the rage directed toward Obama" and Notre Dame"s president, the Rev. John Jenkins, by their opponents, Dionne says. "By facing their arguments head-on and by demonstrating his attentiveness to Catholic concerns, Obama strengthened moderate and liberal forces inside the church itself," according to Dionne. He concludes, "He also struck a forceful blow against those who would keep the nation mired in culture-war politics without end. Obama"s opponents on the Catholic right placed a large bet on his Notre Dame visit. And they lost" (Dionne, Washington Post, 5/18).
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Brazil Proves Developing Countries Can Use Generic Medicines To Fight HIV/AIDS Epidemic

Brazil"s nearly two-decade effort to treat people living with HIV and AIDS shows that developing countries can successfully combat the epidemic. Inexpensive generic medicines are a large part of the solution, say researchers from Brown University and the Harvard School of Public Health. Brazil did this, researchers said, largely by pursuing controversial policies that prompted pharmaceutical companies with exclusive drugs to lower their prices dramatically and generic companies to develop lower-cost alternatives for use in emerging markets. "Brazil has proved it is possible to treat people with AIDS in developing countries," said lead author Amy Nunn, assistant professor of medicine (research) at The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University. She added that the country saved more than $1 billion as a result of bargaining with multinational pharmaceutical companies, resulting in significant changes in global AIDS policy. That effort, Nunn said, has had a wide impact. "Before Brazil"s efforts, as recently as the year 2000," she said, "most people living with HIV/AIDS in developing countries died without receiving treatment." Details of their findings will be published in the July/August issue of Health Affairs. Francisco Bastos, a well-known AIDS epidemiologist at the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation in Rio de Janiero, and Elize da Fonseca at the University of Edinburgh in Scotland also participated in the research. Senior author Sofia Gruskin is an associate professor of health and human rights at the Harvard School of Public Health in Boston, where the initial research began. One of the biggest advances in Brazil"s push to address the advance of HIV and AIDS came in the 1990s, when the country passed a law guaranteeing free, universal access to drugs for AIDS treatment. The country also began producing generic AIDS medicines in public factories. Brazilian authorities also pressured drug companies to reduce their prices drastically for patented medicines by threatening to produce generic versions of those drugs. Brazil was working to contain the virus years before taking that step. Researchers noted that Brazil began its HIV education and prevention campaigns early in the 1980s, focusing on condom distribution and HIV testing. Health officials also targeted prevention campaigns to those vulnerable to contracting HIV, including sex workers, injecting drug users and men who have sex with men. The results were enormously beneficial. Researchers said the countryĀšs treatment initiatives also helped minimize the spread of the virus in Brazil. In doing so, health officials proved AIDS treatment was possible in a developing country. The example helped prompt sweeping changes in global public health policy and foreign aid relating to global health, with BrazilĀšs actions as an example of how to make HIV/AIDS policies more effective. Gruskin said that Brazil also spearheaded important changes in global health, trade policies, and international human rights protections related to medicines, and the country forced greater transparency about global drug prices. An example of the change: Since 2003, the United States and other developed countries once opposed to BrazilĀšs policies have invested billions of dollars annually to provide generic AIDS medicines to people in developing countries. At home, Brazil kept its HIV/AIDS epidemic confined to .5 percent of the population. Today, about 660,000 Brazilians live with the disease. Nunn said the study"s findings show that developing countries around the world can dramatically reduce AIDS-related deaths by treating patients. She added that the research highlights the value of strategic global political engagement by developing countries. Still, there are challenges ahead. The study shows that the cost of treating HIV/AIDS patients in Brazil has risen in recent years. The long-term costs of treating people living with HIV/AIDS will continue to rise in other countries as more people receive treatment, life expectancy is extended, and patients require more costly and often patented medicines. A number of organizations funded the research: The U.S. Departments of State and Education, the National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute of Allergy and infectious Diseases. Mark Hollmer Brown University


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